To make an introduccion of this topic we can start to taking about the bioterrorism on the history and the origins of this Biological terrorism dates as far back as ancient Roman civilization, where dead and rotting animals were thrown into wells to poison water supplies. (Bock,2001) This early version of biological terrorism was used to destroy enemy forces covertly. It continued on into the 14th century where the bubonic plague was used to infiltrate enemy cities by both instilling the fear of infection in residences, in hopes that they would evacuate, and also to destroy defending forces that would not yield to the attack. The use of disease as a weapon in this stage of history exhibited a lack of control the aggressor’s had over their own biological weapon. Primitive medical technology provided limited means of protection for the aggressor and a battles surrounding geographical regions. After the battle was won, the inability to contain enemy’s who escaped death lead to wide spread epidemics affecting not only the enemy forces, but also surrounding regions inhabitants. Due to the use of these biological weapons, and the apparent lack of medical advancement necessary to defend surrounding regions from them, wide spread epidemics such as the bubonic plague quickly moved across all of Western Europe, destroying a large portion of its population. The victims of biological terrorism in fact became weapons themselves. This was noted in the Middle Ages, but medical advancements had not progressed far enough to prevent the consequences of a weapons use. (Eitzen and Takafuji, 1997)
In the 15th century, smallpox was used on contaminated clothing to defeat South American and Native American forces. (Bock, 2001) Again, the use of biological weapons for which limited protection and containment was available, lead to casualties on both sides of battles. Bioterrorism continued to be an effective method of weakening an adversary but it was also difficult to contain. In the Revolutionary War, colonists were vaccinated from the small-pox virus and then used the virus to intentionally infect enemies. This demonstrates a major advancement in the evolution of bioterrorism. Once the ability to defend from biological warfare became possible through medical advancement, the weapons became far more valuable.
As time continued, and use of biological warfare became more and more sophisticated. Countries were developing weapons that delivered much higher effectiveness and less chance of infecting the wrong party. One significant enhancement in biological weapon development was the first use of Anthrax. Anthrax effectiveness was initially limited to victims of large dosages. This became a weapon of choice because it is easily transferred, has a high mortality rate, and can be easily obtained. Also, variants of the Anthrax bacterium can be found all around the world making it the biological weapon of choice in the early 19th century. Another property of Anthrax that helped fuel its use as a biological weapon is its poor ability to spread far beyond the targeted population. At this part we can see that this menaze is more than a simple problem it is a problem since the acient age.